Microplastics in bivalves in Can Gio Mangrove-UNESCO Biosphere Reserve: Accumulation and health effects
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2023
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Microplastics (“vi nhựa”) are insoluble items made of plastics with the size less than 5 mm in different colors, shapes such as fibers, fragments, and pellets depending on the sources and degradations in the environment. Plaatic debris is ubiquitous in the marine environment and transported into the aquatic creatures. In the research, four types of seafood (oyster, snail and clam) were collected from Can Gio local aquacultural farmings and the samples were treated with different reagents and protocols – concentrated HNO3, NaOH, concentrated H2O2 with and without trypsin enzyme. The sample treatment efficiency shows that the combination of hydrogen peroxide and trypsin was the best protocol in terms of tissue treatment and effects of plastic resins. The detection with a Raman microscope showed that microplastics varied from 0 to 5 plastic pieces per individual and all of them were invisible (smaller than 200 µm). The quantification shows that clams and snails have accumulated a higher number of microplastics than oysters. The most common plastics were PE, PP and PET in the form of very short fibers and tiny fragments, which increased the ability of transport in higher ogranisms via the food chain. Finally, the potential health effects of microplastics on aquatic organisms and human were discussed in detail.